No, They Don't Eat Mosquitoes

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Close-up of a slender crane fly resting on a green leaf.
Warm weather brings out crane flies, bumping around the house like an insect designed by committee. Far from being "skeeter eaters," the adult flies barely feed at all, living just long enough to mate and lay eggs. (Adobe Stock image)

Some folks call them "Mosquito Hawks" or "Daddy Long Legs" or "Skeeter Eaters."  But they're not hawks, they're not arachnids, and they don't eat mosquitoes. They are crane flies, members of the family Tipulidae of the order Diptera (flies).

With the temperatures rising, crane flies are everywhere right now, looking for mates. They are landing on your plants, bumping into walls and windows, and getting tangled (and eaten) in spider webs.  

"They do not eat mosquitoes," said UC Davis Distinguished Professor Emerita Lynn Kimsey of the Department of Entomology and Nematology.  "In fact, adult crane flies generally don't eat at all. Their entire brief adult lives are spent searching for mates and laying eggs."

Adults crane flies generally live only a few days, Kimsey said. (Even less when caught in a spider web.)

An insect designed by committee

It is a curious-looking insect, as if it were created by a committee that missed a 5 o'clock deadline and was in a hurry to go home: elongated, stilt-like legs, slender body, beady eyes, short snout, segmented antennae and silvery wings marked with interference patterns, which vary among species.

It looks goofy when it flies, somewhat like an improperly folded paper airplane ready to crash.  

Their larvae, known commonly as leatherjackets, usually feed on decaying plant matter, but some species feed on living plants, fungi and invertebrates.

Scientists have described more than 15,500 species and more than 500 genera. Charles Paul Alexander (1889-1981), who obtained his doctorate at Cornell University and later became an entomology professor at  Massachusetts Agricultural College at Amherst, published descriptions of 10,890 new species and subspecies over a period of 71 years from 1910–1981, approximately one species description a day. 

C. P. Alexander was inducted a fellow of the Entomological Society of America in 1920. He probably cringed every time he heard them called "skeeter eaters."

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Kathy Keatley Garvey is senior writer with the UC Davis Department of Entomology and Nematology and also produces the UCANR Bug Squad blog, where this post was originally published.

Bohart Museum of Entomology

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